The Human Genome

Human Heredity

Human Chromosomes

Karyotype- A picture of a chromosome arranged in pairs
Sex Chromosomes- Determine and individuals sex
Autosomes- Used to distinguish between sex chromosomes
All Human egg cells carry a single X chromosomess (23, X) and half carry a Y chromosome (23, Y). This ensures that just about half of the zygotes will be 46 XX and half will be 46 XY.

Pedigree Charts

Pedigree Chart- Shows relationships within a family.

From Gene to Molecule

In both cystic fibrosis and sickle cell disease, a small change in the DNA of a single gene affects the structure of a protein, causing a serious genetic disorder.

Human Chromosomes

Sex-Linked Genes

Sex-linked genes- genes located on chromosomes that determine sex

Chromosomal Disorders

Nondisjunction- not coming apart
If nondisjunction occurs, abnormal numbers of chromosomes may find their way into gametes, and a disorder of chromosome numbers may result.

Human Molecular Genetic

DNA Fingerprinting

DNA fingerprinting- the identification of an individual using their unique fingerprint patterns

Human Genome Project

Human Genome Project is an ongoing effort to analyze the human DNA sequence

Gene Therapy

In gene therapy, an absent or faulty gene is replaced by a normal, working gene